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• SS-31 10mg/vial US warehouse

• Purpose: SS-31, also known as Bendavia, is a mitochondria-targeted peptide designed to protect mitochondria and improve cellular bioenergetics. It is used experimentally to investigate its therapeutic potential in various conditions involving mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

• Experimental Models: Studies typically utilize cell culture models and animal models (such as rodents) to explore SS-31's effects on mitochondrial function, cellular metabolism, and tissue protection under different physiological and pathological contexts.

• Conclusion: SS-31's experimental use focuses on its ability to protect mitochondria, enhance cellular bioenergetics, and mitigate oxidative stress-induced damage across various experimental models, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits in clinical settings.

• Experimental Design:

  • Treatment Groups: Experimental groups receive SS-31 at different concentrations and treatment durations, compared to appropriate control groups.
  • Administration: SS-31 is administered via various routes depending on the experimental design, including intravenous, intraperitoneal, or direct application to cell cultures.
  • Timing: Studies may involve acute or chronic administration protocols to assess immediate effects and long-term benefits.

• Outcome Measures:

  • Mitochondrial Function: Evaluation of mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, ATP production, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels to determine SS-31's impact on mitochondrial health and bioenergetics.
  • Cellular Protection: Assessment of cell viability, apoptosis, and necrosis in response to oxidative stress, ischemia-reperfusion injury, or other cellular insults, aiming to demonstrate SS-31's cytoprotective properties.
  • Tissue and Organ Function: Analysis of tissue morphology, histopathology, and functional assessments (e.g., cardiac function in heart models) to investigate SS-31's effects on tissue integrity and organ function.

• Mechanistic Studies:

  • ROS Scavenging: Measurement of ROS levels and antioxidant enzyme activities to elucidate SS-31's antioxidant mechanisms and its ability to mitigate oxidative stress.
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics: Examination of mitochondrial dynamics, fusion, and fission processes to understand SS-31's role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and function.
  • Inflammatory Response: Analysis of inflammatory markers and cytokine levels to assess SS-31's potential anti-inflammatory effects and modulation of immune responses.

• Data Analysis and Interpretation:

  • Statistical analyses compare SS-31-treated groups with controls, evaluating significant differences and dose-response relationships.
  • Integration of findings provides insights into SS-31's mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications for mitochondrial disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and other conditions associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.